Cameron M, Taylor C, Lapidus J, et al. J Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 25.

Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.

Bensalem J, Dudonné S, Etchamendy N, et al. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 Jun 18;74(7):996-1007.

Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.

Pritchett K, Pritchett RC, Stark L, et al. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018 Sep 8:1-6.

Weekly vitamin D supplementation increased vitamin D concentrations in elite athletes with spinal cord injury and improved handgrip strength in 62% of participants, post supplementation.

Most J, Penders J, Lucchesi M, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2017 Sep;71(9):1040-1045.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate and resveratrol supplementation significantly decreased Bacteroidetes in men but not in women.

Bittner F, Murchison C, Koop D, et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017 Sep; 4(5): e380.

Peak serum levels of alpha lipoic acid did not significantly change after one year of alpha lipoic acid (1,200 mg/daily) administration, in secondary progressive MS patients.

Spain R, Powers K, Murchison C, et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017 Jun 28;4(5):e374.

The annualized percent change in brain volume was significantly less in secondary progressive MS patients administered alpha lipoic acid, compared to placebo.

Paquette M, Medina-Larqué A, Weisnagel SJ, et al. 2017 Feb; 117(4):519-531.

Polyphenols from strawberries and cranberries improved insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese, non-diabetic, insulin-resistant human subjects.

Maria S, Swanson M, Enderby L, et al. AGING. 2017.

In postmenopausal osteopenic women, supplementation with melatonin, strontium, vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 increased bone mineral density, reduced bone turnover and improved sleep quality, compared to placebo, over the course of a year.

Allaire J, Harris W, Vors C, et al. PLEFA. 2017.

The increase in omega-3 index was greater with supplemental DHA than EPA. The omega-3 index has been inversely associated with the risk of coronary heart disease and coronary mortality.

Vors C, Allaire J, Marin J, et al. Atherosclerosis. 2017.

Both EPA and DHA up-regulated anti-inflammatory gene expression in immune cells of men and women at risk of cardiometabolic disease.

Überall M. Arzt &Wirtschaft. 2017.

Wobenzym^® plus demonstrated comparable efficacy as well as superior safety and tolerability compared to diclofenac, with fewer side effects, less study discontinuation and minimal changes to laboratory parameters.

Marzin T, Lorkowski G, Reule C, et al. 2017.

Wobenzym^® plus supplementation before and after exercise increased maximum concentric strength in medium performance athletes and improved inflammatory, metabolic and immune biomarkers in all subjects.

Wyatt GK, Sikorskii A, Safikhani A, et al. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2016 Jun;51(6):1046-1054.

Saw palmetto at a dose of 960 mg, over the course of 22 weeks, may be a safe herbal supplement in men undergoing radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Ueberall M, Mueller-Schwefe G, Wigand R and Essner U. J Pain Res. 2016.

Wobenzym^® plus demonstrated comparable efficacy and superior tolerability compared to diclofenac, in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.

Peters BA, Hall MN, Liu X, et al. J Nutr. 2016.

Creatine + folic acid supplementation decreased plasma guanidinoacetate and total homocystiene levels.

Most J, Timmers S, Warnke I, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016.

EGCG+RES supplementation did not affect the fasting plasma metabolic profile. Although whole-body fat mass was not affected, visceral adipose tissue mass tended to decrease after the intervention compared with placebo.

Allaire J, Couture P, Leclerc M, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016.

DHA is more effective than EPA in modulating specific markers of inflammation as well as blood lipids.

Bensalem J, Servant L, Alfos S, et al. Front Behav Neurosci. 2016.

Polyphenol supplementation (Neurophenol) promoted spatial strategies in middle-aged mice, thus suggesting a role in maintaining cognitive health in aging.

Peters BA, Hall MN, Liu X, et al. Envir Health Perspect. 2015 Dec;123(12):1294-1301.

In a folate-deficient/replete Bangladeshi population, 12- and 24-week treatment with 800 μg (but not 400 μg) FA lowered blood arsenic levels to a greater extent than placebo with sustained effects.

Paradis M-E, Couture P, Gigleux I, et al. Pharma Nutr. 2015.

Systemic enzymes promoted healthy inflammatory balance in men and women with subclinical inflammation. Overall, subjects showed reduced IL-6 levels, with sex-specific effects that require further study.

Talaieva T, Bratus V. Adv Enzyme Res. 2015.

In a rabbit model of diet-induced MetS, animals supplemented with systemic enzymes showed improvement in insulin sensitivity, inflammatory markers, triglyceride metabolism, and lipid metabolism.

Bolten W, Glade M, Raum S, et al. Arthritis. 2015.

Systemic enzymes in adults with moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis showed improvement in pain scores (Lequesne Functional Index) and total WOMAC scores similar to NSAID (diclofenac).

Kaplan B, Rucklidge J, Romijn A, et al. Psych Res. 2015.

Replication of New Zealand trial investigating the consumption of micronutrients following a disaster and the potential benefits for mental health and mood support.

Kamwesiga J, Mutabazi V, Kayumba J, et al. AIDS. 2015.

This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that 24-month selenium supplementation significantly reduces the rate of CD-4 cell count decline among antiretroviral-naive patients.

Ryan J, Hanes D, Schafer M, et al. J Altern Comp Med. 2015.

In this pilot study, 8 weeks of daily supplementation with S. boulardii showed potential benefit for cardiovascular health.

Dasarathy S, Dasarathy J, Khiyami A, et al. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015.

PUFA showed no benefit over placebo in NASH patients with diabetes in terms of liver enzymes, body weight, or body composition, and did not show a positive impact on insulin response.

Rajakumar K, Moore CG, Yabes J, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015.

Concluded current recommended daily dietary allowance of Vitamin D may not be adequate for reducing the incidence of vitamin D insufficiency in healthy school-aged children.

Mansoori A, Sotoudeh G, Djalali M, et al. J Clin Lipidol. 2015.

8 weeks of supplementation with DHA-rich fish oil (containing 1450 mg DHA and 400 mg EPA) supported triglyceride metabolism.

Most J, Goossens G, Jocken J, et al. Int J Obes. 2014.

Epigallocatechin-gallate plus resveratrol supplementation for 3 days significantly increased fasting and postprandial energy expenditure in healthy overweight subjects.

Dudonné S, Dubé P, Pilon G, et al. J Ag Food Chem. 2014.

Phenolic metabolites of fruit polyphenols were identified and quantified in vivo using an animal model of obesity. Results indicated a potential synergistic effect on bioavailability when polyphenols were administered with onion extract, a significant source of quercetin.

L Fung, R Libove, J Phillips, F Haddad, A Hardan. J Autism Dev Disord. 2014.

12 week, open-label pilot study in adults with autism spectrum disorder yielded statistically significant improvement in aberrant behavior (irritability) with pregnenolone supplementation.

van de Rest O, Claassen J, Kessels R, et al. J Aging Res Clin Practice. 2013.

In this randomized controlled trial in patients with mild cognitive impairment, daily supplementation with EPA+DHA for four weeks had no effect on cerebral hemodynamics, blood pressure, or cognitive performance.

Lamas G, Boineau R, Goertz C, et al. Annals Int Med. 2013.

High-dose oral multivitamins and multi-minerals did not statistically significantly reduce cardiovascular events in patients after myocardial infarction who received standard medications, however, this conclusion may have been tempered by nonadherence. No evidence suggested harm from vitamin therapy in any category of adverse events.

Brennan BP, Jensen JE, Hudson JI, Coit CE, Beaulieu A, Pope HG, Renshaw PF, Cohen BM. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2013.

Alpha-lipoic acid plus acetyl-l-carnitine (Pure Encapsulations) administered at daily doses of 1000-3000 mg and 600-1800 mg, respectively, does not reduce bipolar depression according to a 12 week randomized, placebo-controlled study of 40 adults. More study is needed to understand the role of mitochondrial function in depression.

Udani JK, Ritz BW. Nutr J. 2013;12:112.

Switching to a high potency fish oil supplement (Minami Nutrition) at a dose of 1.1g/d (756mg EPA, 228mg DHA) further improved Omega-3 Index in healthy subjects.

Duffy MacKay, ND, and Barry W. Ritz, PhD.

Evaluating the results of the recent report from the SELECT Trial.

Labonté K, Couillard C, Motard-Bélanger A, Paradis M-E, Couture P, Lamarche B. Sports. 2013.

Cranberry-rich polyphenols modified acute flow-mediated dilation, a biomarker of endothelial function and blood flow, in highly trained elite athletes.

Macdonald HM, Wood AD, Aucott LS, Black AJ, Fraser WD, Mavroeidi A, Reid DM, Secombes KR, Simpson WG, Thies F.J Bone Miner Res. 2013.

Vitamin D3 (Pure Encapsulations) in a daily dose of 1000 IU, but not 400 IU, attenuated bone mineral density loss over 1 year in post-menopausal women.

Zahedi HS, Jazayeri S, Ghiasvand R, Djalali M, Eshraghian MR. Int J Prev Med. 2013.

Resveratrol (Pure Encapsulations) at a dose of 200 mg polygonum cuspidatum standardized to 20% trans-resveratrol (40 mg trans-resveratrol) for 6 weeks helped maintain healthy inflammatory balance in response to intense exercise.

Ritz BW. Natural Med J. 2012;4(1).

Commentary on a meta-analysis of 13 clinical trials and review of the literature suggests that zinc may be effective at promoting a healthy immune response when taken at early onset and at a dose of 75mg per day.

Lorkowski G. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2012;4(1):10-27.

Scientific review of the gastrointestinal absorption of proteolytic systemic enzymes (Wobenzym^®) following oral administration, interaction with anti-proteases and proteolytic activity in the blood, and a plausible mechanism for promoting healthy inflammation response.

Heim KC, Angers P, Léonhart S, Ritz BW. J Med Food. 2012.

Cranberry, blueberry, strawberry, and spinach extracts exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity in vitro, with implications for neurological health and anti-inflammatory effects.

Ritz BW. Natural Med J. 2012.

Commentary on an open trial reporting a slight reduction in epileptic seizure activity with eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation.

Zick SM, Tugeon DK, Vareed SK, et al. Cancer Prev Res. October 11, 2011.

Ginger root extract (Pure Encapsulations) may decrease eicosanoid levels in colonic mucosa and promote colon health.

Van Wijngaarden et al. BMC Geriatrics. 2011; 11:80.

The first intervention study examining the effects of vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation on osteoporotic fracture incidence, bone health, physical performance/activity, and nutritional status in a general elderly population presenting with elevated homocysteine levels.

Ritz BW. Natural Med J. 2011;3(1).

A review of the available data suggests that AHCC, a fermented mushroom extract, may positively affect immune function, especially natural killer cell-mediated innate immunity.

Kamwesiga J, Mutabzi V, Kayumba J, et al. Trials. 2011;12:192.

Methods publication of ongoing trial to investigate effects of selenium supplementation (Seroyal) on immune function, general health and quality of life in sub-Saharan Africa.

Ghanim H, Sia CL, Abuaysheh S, Korzeniewski K, Patnaik P, Marumganti A, Chaudhuri A, Dandona P. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010.

Resveratrol (Pure Encapsulations) at a dose of 200 mg polygonum cuspidatum standardized to 20% trans-resveratrol (40 mg trans-resveratrol) for 6 weeks helped attenuate oxidative and inflammatory stress in normal, healthy subjects.

Szczurko O, Cooley K, Mills EJ, et al. Arthritis & Rheumatology (Arthritis Care & Research). 2009;61(8):1037-1045.

As part of a comprehensive naturopathic protocol, promoted joint function and quality of life in a prospective trial.

Zick Sm, Djuric Z, Ruffin MT, et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(8).

Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of ginger (Pure Encapsulations) constituents demonstrated detectable metabolites in blood following a single oral dose.

Zick SM, Ruffin MT, Lee J, Normolle DP, Siden R, Alrawi S, Brenner DE. Support Cancer Care, 2008.

Ginger (Pure Encapsulations) provides no additional benefit as an adjuvant for gastrointestinal symptoms.